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Basis pursuit denoising : ウィキペディア英語版
Basis pursuit denoising

In mathematics and machine learning, basis pursuit denoising (BPDN) is one approach to solving a mathematical optimization problem of the form:
:\min_x \frac\|y-Ax\|^2_2+\lambda\|x\|_1.
where \lambda is a parameter that controls the trade-off between sparsity and reconstruction fidelity, x is an N \times 1 solution vector, y is an M \times 1 vector of observations, A is an M \times N transform matrix and M < N. This is an instance of convex optimization and also of quadratic programming.
Some authors refer to basis pursuit denoising as the following closely related problem:
:\min_x \|x\|_1 \;\textrm \ \textrm\;\;\|y-Ax\|^2_2 \le \delta
which, for any given \lambda, is equivalent to the unconstrained formulation for some (usually unknown ''a priori'') value of \delta. The two problems are quite similar, but most specialized numerical algorithms can only solve the unconstrained formulation.
Either type of basis pursuit denoising solves a regularization problem with a trade-off between having a small residual (making y close to Ax in terms of an L_2 distance) and making x simple in the L_1 sense. It can be thought of as a mathematical statement of Occam's razor, finding the simplest possible explanation (\min_x \|x\|_1) capable of accounting for the observations ( \min_x \|y-Ax\|^2_2).
Exact solutions to basis pursuit denoising are often the best computationally tractable approximation of an underdetermined system of equations. Basis pursuit denoising has potential applications in statistics (c.f. the LASSO method of regularization), image compression and compressed sensing.
As \lambda \rightarrow \infty (or when \delta = 0), this problem becomes basis pursuit.
==Solving basis pursuit denoising==
The problem is a convex quadratic problem, so it can be solved by many general solvers, such as interior point methods. For very large problems, many specialized methods that are faster than interior point methods have been proposed.
Several popular methods for solving basis pursuit denoising include the in-crowd algorithm (a fast solver for large, sparse problems〔See ''The In-Crowd Algorithm for Fast Basis Pursuit Denoising'', IEEE Trans Sig Proc 59 (10), Oct 1 2011, pp. 4595 - 4605, (), demo MATLAB code available ()〕), homotopy continuation, fixed-point continuation (a special case of the (forward backward algorithm )) and spectral projected gradient for L1 minimization (which actually solves LASSO, a related problem).

抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)
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